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Author : Dr. R. M. Anjana, Managing Director – Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre & President Madras Diabetes Research Foundation
India
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New Delhi, April 03, 2024:
In India, the prevalence of diabetes is on the rise. The recently published ICMR-INDIAB study highlighted the enormous burden in India. The study estimated that the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes in India is 10.1 crores and 13.6 crores, respectively. These figures highlight the critical need for effective diabetes management strategies to prevent the transition to diabetes and manage existing cases. Given the severe complications associated with unmanaged diabetes, including cardiovascular diseases, renal failure, and retinopathy, the importance of accurate information about treatment options cannot be overstated.
Diabetes management requires a comprehensive and multifaceted approach involving diet, exercise, and, sometimes, medicines, including insulin therapy. Despite insulin’s crucial role in diabetes management, numerous myths and misconceptions deter its acceptance and optimal use.
Myth 1: Insulin is a Last Resort
A prevalent misconception is that insulin therapy is only for the advanced stages of diabetes or when other treatments fail. However, insulin can be an essential part of treatment from the early stages of diabetes, particularly for type 1 diabetes, where it is indispensable, and for type 2 diabetes, where it can significantly improve glycemic control and delay the onset of complications. A short course of insulin in people with type 2 diabetes who cannot reach their glycemic goals with oral agents, has been shown to have long-term benefits in controlling glucose levels and protecting pancreatic β-cell function.
Myth 2: Insulin Inevitably Causes Weight Gain
While it is true that insulin therapy can be associated with weight gain, this outcome is not inevitable. Weight gain can be managed through careful meal planning, regular physical activity, and insulin dose adjustments. The relationship between insulin and weight is complex and influenced by various factors, including the type of insulin regimen and the individual’s lifestyle. With proper guidance from healthcare professionals, patients can manage their weight effectively while on insulin therapy.
Myth 3: Insulin Injections are painful
The fear of pain associated with insulin injections can deter people from starting insulin therapy. However, advances in insulin delivery technologies, such as the development of finer needles and pen devices, have significantly reduced injection discomfort. Studies comparing the pain of insulin injections to other routine procedures like finger pricks have found that many patients report minimal to no pain with injections. Educating patients about these advances and proper injection techniques can help alleviate concerns about pain.
Myth 4: Once You Start Insulin, You Can’t Stop
Another common myth is that once insulin therapy is initiated, it must be continued indefinitely. Insulin requirements can vary over time, depending on changes in weight, lifestyle, and the progression of diabetes. In some cases, particularly with significant lifestyle improvements or weight loss, patients may reduce their insulin dose or temporarily discontinue insulin under their healthcare provider’s guidance. However, this should always be done with careful monitoring and medical advice.
Myth 5: Insulin Can Cure Diabetes
Insulin therapy is not a cure for diabetes; it is a treatment that helps manage blood glucose levels. There is currently no cure for diabetes, but insulin, along with diet and exercise, can help people with diabetes live healthy and active lives. Patients and carers need to understand that insulin therapy helps control the symptoms of diabetes and prevents complications but does not eliminate the disease.
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